PHYTOCHEMICAL AND ANTIMICROBIAL STUDIES OF THE ETHANOL EXTRACT OF THE LEAVES OF CUSSONIA BARTERI SEEMANN (ARALIACEAE)
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- NGN 5000
Abstract
Cussoniabarteria plant used in traditional medicine in the treatment of infectious diseases such as conjunctivitis, cataracts, diarrhoea anddysentery was subjected to phytochemical and antimicrobial studies. The powdered leaves of Cussoniabarteriwere extracted with ethanol using maceration method and the resulting crude ethanol extract (EE) 140g was fractioned into hexane (HE)21.31g and ethyl acetate (EA) 8.51g extracts. The preliminary phytochemical screening was carried out on the extract and the fractions, while silica gel column chromatographic separation was carried out on the hexane fractions. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of carbohydrates, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, cardiac glycosides, steroids and triterpenes while the column chromatographic separation followed by preparative TLC resulted in the isolation of β sitosterol ester (8 mg) and structure determination was achieved using chemical tests and spectroscopic techniques(UV, IR, 1D and 2D NMR). The extract was tested for antimicrobial activities againstMRSA, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Corynebacteriumulcerans, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiellapneumoniae, Candida albicansand Candidatropicalisusing agar diffusion method.The result of the antimicrobial studies showed zones of inhibition ranging from 16-31mm. The strong activity of the isolated compound against S. aureus, C. albicans and E. coli shows that it may be effective against infectious diseases which these microorganisms cause. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) showed a range between 2.5µg/ml-15mg/ml, the MIC of the isolated compound against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coliandKlebsiella pneumonia was 2.5µg/ml while Corynebacteriumulceransand Candida albicanshad 5µg/ml as their MIC. The minimum bactericidal/ fungicidal (MBC/MFC) concentration showed a range between 5µg/ml30mg/ml, the MBC of the isolated compound against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coliand Klebsiella pneumonia was 5µg/ml while Corynebacteriumulceransand Candida albicanshad 10µg/ml as their MBC/MFC. The ethanol extract of the leaves of Cussoniabartericontain phytochemical constituent with antimicrobial activity
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